Incidents and Offenses
The Uniform Crime Reporting Program collects data about both single-bias and multiple-bias hate crimes. For each offense type reported, law enforcement must indicate at least one bias motivation. A single-bias incident is defined as an incident in which one or more offense types are motivated by the same bias. A multiple-bias incident is defined as an incident in which more than one offense type occurs and at least two offense types are motivated by different biases.
- In 2012, 1,730 law enforcement agencies reported 5,796 hate crime incidents involving 6,718 offenses.
- There were 5,790 single-bias incidents that involved 6,705 offenses, 7,151 victims, and 5,322 offenders.
- The 6 multiple-bias incidents reported in 2012 involved 13 offenses, 13 victims, and 9 offenders. (See Tables 1 and 12.)
Single-bias incidents
Analysis of the 5,790 single-bias incidents reported in 2012 revealed that:
- 48.3 percent were racially motivated.
- 19.6 percent resulted from sexual-orientation bias.
- 19.0 percent were motivated by religious bias.
- 11.5 percent stemmed from ethnicity/national origin bias.
- 1.6 percent were prompted by disability bias. (Based on Table 1.)
Offenses by bias motivation within incidents
Of the 6,705 single-bias hate crime offenses reported in the above incidents:
- 49.2 percent stemmed from racial bias.
- 19.7 percent were motivated by sexual-orientation bias.
- 17.4 percent resulted from religious bias.
- 12.3 percent were prompted by ethnicity/national origin bias.
- 1.5 percent resulted from biases against disabilities. (Based on Table 1.)
Racial bias
In 2012, law enforcement agencies reported that 3,297 single-bias hate crime offenses were racially motivated. Of these offenses:
- 66.1 percent were motivated by anti-black bias.
- 22.4 percent stemmed from anti-white bias.
- 4.1 percent resulted from anti-Asian/Pacific Islander bias.
- 4.1 percent were a result of bias against groups of individuals consisting of more than one race (anti-multiple races, group).
- 3.3 percent were motivated by anti-American Indian/Alaskan Native bias. (Based on Table 1.)
Religious bias
Hate crimes motivated by religious bias accounted for 1,166 offenses reported by law enforcement. A breakdown of the bias motivation of religious-biased offenses showed:
- 59.7 percent were anti-Jewish.
- 12.8 percent were anti-Islamic.
- 7.6 percent were anti-multiple religions, group.
- 6.8 percent were anti-Catholic.
- 2.9 percent were anti-Protestant.
- 1.0 percent were anti-Atheism/Agnosticism/etc.
- 9. 2 percent were anti-other (unspecified) religion. (Based on Table 1.)
Sexual-orientation bias
In 2012, law enforcement agencies reported 1,318 hate crime offenses based on sexual-orientation bias. Of these offenses:
- 54.6 percent were classified as anti-male homosexual bias.
- 28.0 percent were reported as anti-homosexual bias.
- 12.3 percent were prompted by an anti-female homosexual bias.
- 3.1 percent were classified as anti-bisexual bias.
- 2.0 percent were the result of an anti-heterosexual bias. (Based on Table 1.)
Ethnicity/national origin bias
Of the single-bias incidents, 822 offenses were committed based on the offenders’ bias toward the perceived ethnicity or national origin of the victim. Of these offenses:
- 59.4 percent were anti-Hispanic bias.
- 40.6 percent were anti-other ethnicity/national origin bias. (Based on Table 1.)
Disability bias
There were 102 reported hate crime offenses committed based on disability bias. Of these:
- 82 offenses were classified as anti-mental disability.
- 20 offenses were reported as anti-physical disability. (See Table 1.)
By offense types
Of the 6,718 reported hate crime offenses in 2012:
- 28.4 percent were destruction/damage/vandalism.
- 23.4 percent were simple assault.
- 22.2 percent were intimidation.
- 12.7 percent were aggravated assault.
- The remainder were comprised of additional crimes against persons and property. (Based on Table 2.)
Offenses by crime category
Among the 6,718 hate crime offenses reported:
- 59.1 percent were crimes against persons.
- 37.9 percent were crimes against property.
- The remainder were crimes against society. (Based on Table 2.) (See Data Collection in Methodology.)
Crimes against persons
Law enforcement reported 3,968 hate crime offenses as crimes against persons. By offense type:
- 39.6 percent were simple assault.
- 37.5 percent were intimidation.
- 21.5 percent were aggravated assault.
- 0.6 percent consisted of 10 murders and 15 forcible rapes.
- 0.8 percent involved the offense category other, which is collected only in the National Incident-Based Reporting System. (Based on Table 2.)
- The majority of the 2,547 hate crime offenses that were crimes against property (74.8 percent) were acts of destruction/damage/vandalism.
- The remaining 25.2 percent of crimes against property consisted of robbery, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, and other crimes. (Based on Table 2.)
Crimes against property
- The majority of the 2,547 hate crime offenses that were crimes against property (74.8 percent) were acts of destruction/damage/vandalism.
- The remaining 25.2 percent of crimes against property consisted of robbery, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, and other crimes. (Based on Table 2.)
Crimes against society
There were 203 offenses defined as crimes against society (e.g., drug or narcotic offenses or prostitution).
By victim type
When considering the type of victims among the reported 6,718 hate crime offenses:
- 79.6 percent were directed at individuals.
- 4.6 percent were against businesses or financial institutions.
- 3.0 percent were against society.
- 2.9 percent were against government.
- 2.7 percent were against religious organizations.
- The remaining 7.2 percent were directed at other, multiple, or unknown victim types. (Based on Table 6.)